Education bureaus of all prefecture-level cities, Publicity departments of the Party Committees (Civilization Offices), Cyberspace Administration offices, development and reform commissions, science and technology administrative departments, industrial and information technology bureaus, finance bureaus, natural resources administrative departments, ecological environment bureaus, agriculture and rural affairs bureaus, all units affiliated to the Provincial Academy of Sciences, basic telecommunications operation units, Communist Youth League committees, Women's federations, science and technology associations, and Working committees of the Young Pioneers The Education Bureau of Yangling Demonstration Zone, the Publicity Department of the Party Committee (Civilization Office), the Cyberspace Administration Office, the Development and Reform Bureau, the Science and Technology Administrative Department, the Industry and Commerce Bureau, the Finance Bureau, the Natural Resources Administrative Department, the Ecological Environment Bureau, the Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau, all units affiliated to the Provincial Academy of Sciences, basic telecommunications operation units, the Communist Youth League Committee, the Women's Federation, the Association for Science and Technology, and the Youth League Working Committee The Education Bureau of Hancheng City, the Publicity Department of the Party Committee (Civilization Office), the Cyberspace Administration Office, the Development and Reform Commission, the Science and Technology Administrative Department, the Industry and Information Technology Bureau, the Finance Bureau, the Natural Resources Administrative Department, the Ecological Environment Bureau, the Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau, all units affiliated to the Provincial Academy of Sciences, basic telecommunications operation units, the Communist Youth League Committee, the Women's Federation, the Association for Science and Technology, and the Working Committee of the Young Pioneers Shenmu City, Fugu County Education and Sports Bureau, Publicity Department of the Party Committee (Civilization Office), Cyberspace Administration Office, Development and Reform Bureau, Science and Technology Management Department, Industry and Information Technology Bureau, Finance Bureau, Natural Resources Administrative Department, Ecological Environment Bureau, Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau, all units affiliated to the Provincial Academy of Sciences, basic telecommunications operation units, Communist Youth League Committee, Women's Federation, Association for Science and Technology, Young Pioneers Working Committee, all ordinary undergraduate colleges and universities:
To fully implement the deployment and requirements of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and The State Council, and to focus on adding science education in the "double reduction" of education, promoting the high-quality development of education, science and technology, and talent in an integrated manner, in accordance with the requirements of the "Opinions on Strengthening Science Education in Primary and Secondary Schools in the New Era" issued by the Ministry of Education and 18 other departments, The Department of Education of Shaanxi Province and 16 other departments have jointly formulated the "Implementation Opinions on Strengthening Science Education in Primary and Secondary Schools in the New Era in Shaanxi Province", which is hereby issued to you for your strict compliance and implementation.
Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education
The Publicity Department of the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China (Office of the Provincial Committee for Spiritual Civilization Construction)
Cyberspace Administration of the Communist Party of China Shaanxi Provincial Committee
Shaanxi Provincial Development and Reform Commission
Shaanxi Provincial Department of Science and Technology
Department of Industry and Information Technology of Shaanxi Province
Shaanxi Provincial Department of Finance
Shaanxi Provincial Department of Natural Resources
Shaanxi Provincial Department of Ecology and Environment
Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Shaanxi Province
Shaanxi Academy of Sciences
Shaanxi Provincial Communications Administration
The Communist Youth League Committee of Shaanxi Province
Women's Federation of Shaanxi Province
Shaanxi Association for Science and Technology
The Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Young Pioneers
April 16, 2024
Opinions on Strengthening Science Education in Primary and Secondary Schools in the New Era in Shaanxi Province
​ The following opinions are hereby put forward.
I. General Requirements
(1) Guiding Ideology
​ With the direction of promoting high-quality development of education, science and technology, and talent in an integrated manner, based on scientific education research and discipline and professional construction, and focusing on the construction of the teaching staff, the improvement of course quality, and the integration of resources, we will improve the collaborative education mechanism among schools, families, and society, and strive to build a high-quality scientific education system. Cultivate a group of young people with the potential to become scientists and willing to devote themselves to scientific research, laying a solid foundation for accelerating the building of an education power, a science and technology power, and a talent power, and for comprehensively building a modern socialist country.
(II) Main Objectives
Through three to five years of efforts, all measures to add science education in the "Double Reduction" policy in education will be fully implemented. A comprehensive, all-round, all-stage and all-chain science education system in Shaanxi Province will be basically established. Social resources from all sides, including "science vice principals + science and technology instructors + science bases + integration of museums and schools + popular science cases", will be organically integrated, and practical activities will be rich and colorful. The scale of science education teachers has continued to expand, and their quality and ability have significantly improved. The mechanism of joint efforts among relevant departments and collaborative education among primary, secondary and tertiary schools as well as among families, schools and communities has been notably enhanced. Cultivate 30 provincial-level experimental zones for science education reform, 300 provincial-level experimental schools, 100 provincial-level experimental teaching demonstration points, 1,000 provincial-level excellent science courses, a number of provincial-level exemplary science venues, a number of typical cases, and a number of science popularization communities. The quality of science education in the province has significantly improved, and the scientific literacy of primary and secondary school students has been notably enhanced.
Ii. Working Principles
(1) Focus on practice to stimulate interest. Student-centered, teaching students in accordance with their aptitudes, promoting science education based on inquiry and practice, stimulating the curiosity, imagination and desire to explore of primary and secondary school students, cultivating students' interest in science, guiding students to widely participate in inquiry and practice, achieving the combination of learning and thinking, making education enjoyable, consciously acquiring scientific knowledge, cultivating scientific spirit, improving scientific quality, enhancing confidence and self-reliance in science and technology, and deepening the sense of patriotism and love for the country Strive to plant the seeds of science in children's hearts and guide them to weave the dream of becoming a scientist.
(2) Focus on integration and activate resources. Based on the existing scientific education resources and working mechanisms, we should integrate and enhance efficiency, consolidate both on-campus and off-campus resources, precisely meet students' demands, make good use of the national Smart Education public Service Platform, and shape new driving forces and advantages for scientific education.
(3) Focus on integration and internal and external linkage. Emphasize the integration of knowledge learning with practice, strengthen learning by doing, learning by applying and learning by creating, coordinate popularization and improvement, selection and training, attach importance to the organic connection of grades and stages and the horizontal cooperation of related disciplines, encourage universities and research institutes to actively connect and lead science education in primary and secondary schools, and promote the effective linkage of "bringing in" and "going out".
(4) Focus on inclusiveness and provide assistance and guidance. Strengthen macro-control, tilt science education projects and tangible resources towards rural areas, old revolutionary base areas and key counties for national rural revitalization assistance, and provide care, assistance and guidance to weak schools and special children groups.
(V) Focus on collaboration and system design. We will promote the establishment of a scientific education collaboration mechanism under the unified leadership of Party committees and governments at all levels, with relevant departments working together, effectively coordinating and closely cooperating. We will also continuously improve the collaborative education mechanism among primary, secondary and tertiary schools as well as among families, schools and communities. Systematically carry out top-level design for science education, comprehensively strengthen work deployment, promotion, monitoring and guidance, achieve full-chain closed-loop management, and enhance the implementation efficiency of science education.

Iii. Key Tasks
(1) Implement the action of building comprehensive science education venues
1. Primary and secondary schools, enterprises and research institutions should be combined to build the main battlefield for science education in schools. All regions and schools should, in accordance with the national standards for the configuration of subject teaching equipment and the series of standards for educational technology equipment in primary and secondary schools in Shaanxi Province, build subject functional departments in line with the standards. In accordance with the assessment standards for digital campuses and the construction standards for smart campuses in Shaanxi Province, and relying on the resources of universities, support primary and secondary schools in promoting the construction of smart innovation Spaces such as digital laboratories, virtual simulation laboratories, intelligent laboratories, and Deng Xiaoping Science and Technology innovation laboratories, providing practical fields for the cultivation of students' innovation abilities. Schools with the necessary conditions can rely on enterprises and research institutions to deeply explore the school environment, activity venues and facilities, build characteristic science education space stations, and ensure that every class has a science corner and every school has a science station, creating science education scenarios. (Provincial Department of Education, Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League, Provincial Association for Science and Technology, Provincial Working Committee of the Young Pioneers, Provincial Academy of Sciences
2. Science popularization bases, schools, families and communities should be combined to build a good social science popularization practice network. We will build science popularization practice bases such as science and technology museums, science popularization museums and museums open to the public through multiple channels, and make full use of the resource advantages of the provincial science and technology museum system construction and various levels of science popularization education bases. We will form a service network of provincial, municipal and county (district) science popularization bases + mobile science popularization facilities + digital science and technology museums, and launch three science popularization caravan routes in Guanzhong, southern Shaanxi and northern Shaanxi. Bring science popularization and education to primary and secondary schools and every household in rural areas, old revolutionary base areas and weak regions. Carry out the selection of model science and technology museums and star-rated science popularization stations, select a batch of distinctive science education bases, create a number of ecological civilization education bases, high-quality science practice and study routes, and science education study points, provide scene-based and experiential science practice bases for primary and secondary school students, and guide them to learn scientific knowledge in real production and living environments. Experience the spirit of labor, the spirit of research, the spirit of innovation and the spirit of craftsmanship. (Department of Education, Department of Science and Technology, Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Department of Ecology and Environment, Provincial Association for Science and Technology)
3. Counties (districts) + universities, enterprises and research institutes to strengthen regional advantageous and characteristic resources. Encourage counties (districts) with the necessary conditions to leverage the advantages of Shaanxi's characteristic industries such as aerospace, Qinling ecology, and Shaanxi national railway, as well as high-precision and cutting-edge technologies and regional characteristic industries like natural resources, to enhance collaboration with universities, research institutes, and high-tech industrial and agricultural enterprises. Through forms such as donations, hanging plaques, and naming rights, build a number of distinctive, strong in scientific and technological specialties, and new science education venues in the scientific field. Provide equipment, materials, books, software, etc., train professional interpreters, and basically form a science popularization education base of "one county, one base; one point, one course". Carry out the "Experience of Confident and Independent Technology Products" activity and explore its application
By means of information technology, educational scenarios and real-world scenarios are organically integrated, encouraging primary and secondary school students to be diligent in exploration and courageous in practice, and driving the "quality improvement and upgrading" of science education. (Provincial Department of Education, Provincial Cyberspace Administration Office, Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Science and Technology Department
Provincial Department, Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, Provincial Communications Administration, Provincial Department of Natural Resources, Provincial Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs
(2) Implement the action for building a high-level professional team
4. Strengthen the teaching of science within the school. Accelerate the construction of the access system for primary school science teachers. In accordance with the requirements of the science curriculum standards, assign full-time science teachers and gradually promote that each primary school in cities and counties has at least one science teacher with a master's degree in science and engineering. Primary and secondary schools should have a vice principal in charge of science appointed by school leaders or experts and scholars, and at least one science and technology instructor. They should also be equipped with full-time laboratory technicians. All levels of teaching and research departments should have full-time science teaching and research officers to form a complete teaching and research system and experimental support system. Form a provincial expert team and explore the establishment of a chief expert database. At least once a year, conduct in-depth teaching and research guidance in counties, cities and schools by region. Cities, counties (districts) should form corresponding expert teams to carry out guidance work. (Provincial Department of Education, Provincial Association for Science and Technology
5. Strengthen the team of off-campus teachers. Guide technology-based enterprises, other non-profit organizations, communities, etc. to leverage their own advantages, actively participate in the construction and capacity improvement of the science teacher team, and take multiple measures to strengthen the science education team. All relevant departments and units at all levels should enhance coordination, establish an expert team for the "Science Education Social Classroom", and develop science education courses and projects suitable for primary and secondary school students. In collaboration with the Association for Science and Technology, universities, research institutes and other organizations, activities such as "Scientists (Spirit) Entering Campus", "Academicians Entering Campus", "Scientists Entering Campus" and "Experts Entering Campus" have been carried out. (Provincial Department of Education, Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Provincial Association for Science and Technology, Provincial Academy of Sciences)
6. Enhance the professional quality of science teachers. Establish a three-level linkage training mechanism at the provincial, municipal and county (district) levels, increase training programs for science and related subjects (physics, chemistry, biology, geography, information technology/information technology, general technology, etc.) teachers in primary and secondary schools, explore the implementation of professional level certification for science education, and by the end of 2025, conduct a full-staff rotation training for science teachers through a combination of online and offline methods. Strengthen the construction of science disciplines in colleges and universities, encourage high-level normal universities and some high-level comprehensive universities with conditions to enhance their experimental teaching capabilities, set up science education majors, build a number of provincial first-class science education majors, explore an integrated undergraduate and postgraduate training model, and increase the proportion of science course teachers in projects such as free normal students and the "Outstanding Teacher Program" Cultivate outstanding teachers who can meet the teaching requirements of science education courses from multiple perspectives. All primary and secondary schools should encourage science teachers to pursue postgraduate studies while working. Build a number of teacher course resource libraries by using the second classroom. Regularly hold large-scale training activities on experimental operation skills for science subject teachers (laboratory technicians) in primary and secondary schools and competitions on self-made toys and teaching AIDS for basic education. Science teachers should visit science popularization venues for learning at least once a semester to stimulate their enthusiasm for work. (Provincial Department of Education, Provincial Association for Science and Technology
(3) Implement the action for the construction of an integrated curriculum system
7. Optimize the curriculum system. Relying on universities, a research center for an integrated science curriculum system for primary, secondary and tertiary schools will be established to develop a fully integrated science curriculum that combines "basic education + general education + practice + entrepreneurship", which integrates on-campus and off-campus, home-school-community collaboration, and the integration of national, local and school-based three-level courses with after-school services. This will promote the full, complete and good offering of science courses in primary, secondary and tertiary schools, implement heuristic and inquiry-based teaching, and select excellent courses. Primary, secondary and tertiary schools widely carry out activities such as popular science lectures, scientific and technological creation, maker experiments and observation research. Explore the mechanism for third-party science education institutions to enter schools, and appropriately introduce science and technology training courses through government-purchased services and other means to meet students' personalized scientific exploration and learning needs.
Incorporate teaching and learning materials into the regulatory system to ensure their ideological and scientific nature, and meet students' individualized needs for scientific exploration and learning. Strengthen the popularization and application of domestic software in science education and teaching. (Provincial Department of Education, Provincial Cyberspace Administration, Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, Provincial Communications Administration, Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League, Provincial Association for Science and Technology, Provincial Working Committee of the Young Pioneers)
8. Optimize classroom teaching. Give full play to the role of teaching and research departments at all levels and teaching guidance committees, and strengthen the research and guidance on scientific classroom teaching. Comprehensively promote experimental teaching and reverse the tendency of experimental teaching to be written, video-based and memory-based. In accordance with the requirements of the "Basic Catalogue of Experimental Teaching in Primary and Secondary Schools (2023 Edition)", efforts will be made to achieve a 100% experimental opening rate within three years. We will explore the use of artificial intelligence, virtual reality and other technological means to improve and strengthen experimental teaching, organize and select high-quality experimental teaching courses, and expand the depth and breadth of science experiment education. Strengthen digital empowerment, link science education resources on the Shaanxi Province Smart Education Public Service Platform and other platforms, enrich course resources, enable urban and rural children to "attend the same class face to face", promote the popularization of science education in weak areas, weak schools and special children groups, and effectively solve the problem of unbalanced science education resources between urban and rural areas. (Provincial Department of Education, Provincial Department of Science and Technology, Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, Provincial Communications Administration)
9. Optimize teaching evaluation. All regions and schools should focus on the key and difficult issues oriented towards core literacy and explore practical models for effectively promoting the reform of science teaching. We will promote the reform of the content of the college entrance examination and the high school entrance examination, improve the proposition of academic proficiency tests, adhere to the principle of quality orientation, enhance the fundamentality, applicability, comprehensiveness and innovation of the test questions, reduce mechanical practice, and cultivate students' scientific spirit. Incorporate the results of the practical operation examination into the basis for the enrollment and admission of senior high schools, and encourage cities and prefectures with conditions to include the results of the practical operation examination in the total score of the junior high school academic proficiency test. Build teaching research aimed at cultivating students' deep thinking, doing a good job in the connection between kindergarten and primary school, primary and junior high school, and junior high school and senior high school in scientific education, optimize the comprehensive quality evaluation system oriented towards students' problem-solving abilities, and highlight practice and innovation. Strengthen the education on career development planning for middle school students, guiding them to clearly define their interests, specialties and career goals. (Provincial Department of Education
(4) Implement the construction action of large-scale collaborative scientific practice activities
10. Expand family activities. Integrate science education into family education, launch family science popularization public classes, compile family science popularization series books, intensify family science popularization publicity, and cultivate a civilized trend of family science popularization. At the county (district) level, efforts should be made to strengthen the construction of community youth palaces and rural school youth palaces, and create science education bases right at the doorstep. Guide parents who are willing to popularize science to enter the campus and carry out "Mom and Dad Science Popularization Classes". Establish a tripartite scientific education guarantee mechanism involving families, schools and communities, guide parents to carry out family science education and parent-child science research and study activities, support primary and secondary school students in exploring scientific innovation experiments, and enhance parents' awareness of science popularization and the scientific literacy of primary and secondary school students. (Provincial Department of Education, Provincial Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Committee, Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League, Provincial Women's Federation, Provincial Working Committee of the Young Pioneers
11. Expand school activities. The school implements the "In-School Science Education Quality Improvement Plan", holds a Science and Technology festival once a year, enriches the forms of activities, and ensures that the festival activities cover all students. Strengthen the construction of student science clubs, enrich the practical activities of science clubs in after-school services for primary and secondary schools, guide and support interested students to carry out scientific exploration and experiments in a long-term, in-depth and systematic manner, and discover and cultivate students with innovative potential. Carry out diverse reading activities, deeply integrate elements of science education into the construction of a "campus filled with the fragrance of books", and increase the guarantee of excellent science education books. Carry out a variety of activities such as a series of science camps, youth science investigation experiences, and youth science film festivals. Extensively carry out theme research and study activities in science and technology venues and science popularization education bases to expand the "third classroom" for teenagers. (Provincial Department of Education, Provincial Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China Committee, Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League, Provincial Association for Science and Technology, Provincial Working Committee of the Young Pioneers
12. Expand social activities. Make good use of service forms and models such as children's homes, youth academies, youth science academies, and youth science studios to carry out community science education well. Support scientists (science and technology workers) in conducting research and participating in science education in primary and secondary schools, arrange for laboratories and other scientific and technological resources to be appropriately opened to primary and secondary school students, and jointly organize science summer (winter) camps, etc. Actively carry out science popularization practice activities such as science popularization explanation competitions, small-scale research projects, science popularization micro-video competitions, science j experiment performances, STEM innovation exhibitions, and science weeks. (Provincial Department of Education, Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League, Provincial Women's Federation, Provincial Association for Science and Technology, Provincial Working Committee of the Young Pioneers, Provincial Academy of Sciences
(V) Implement the action for the cultivation and construction of a scientific and technological talent echelon
13. Attach importance to the training system. With universities, educational research institutes and scientific research institutions as the main body, a collaborative research center for the cultivation of reserve talents for scientific and technological innovation should be established to coordinate different educational stages such as primary school, junior high school and senior high school, and explore a long-term mechanism for the early selection and integrated cultivation of top-notch innovative talents. Encourage universities and research institutions to proactively connect with primary and secondary schools, jointly build innovation laboratories, science popularization stations and talent cultivation classes, explore the dual-mentor system of universities and middle schools, and teach students in accordance with their aptitudes. Explore the construction of science and technology high schools in regular senior high schools and strengthen the connection between university and senior high school education in talent cultivation. Middle schools should do a good job in projects such as the "Outstanding Middle School Students Program" and the "Strong Foundation Program", while colleges and universities should do a good job in projects such as the "Outstanding Students Training Program for Basic Disciplines" and the "University Science Camp". Establish a "white list" for student science and technology activities in Shaanxi Province, guide primary and secondary schools to rationally choose to participate in the "white list" competitions, discover students with potential, and encourage them to actively engage in scientific research. (Provincial Department of Education, Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League, Provincial Association for Science and Technology, Provincial Working Committee of the Young Pioneers, Provincial Academy of Sciences
14. Attach importance to international exchanges. Strengthen international understanding education in primary and secondary schools, add special topics on science education in international educational exchange activities, enhance international exchanges on science education theory and practice, keep abreast of international science education trends, and absorb outstanding achievements in international science education. (Provincial Department of Education
15. Attach importance to follow-up and performance evaluation. Relying on the Collaborative Research Center for the Cultivation of Reserve Talents for Scientific and Technological Innovation, we will continuously carry out research and guidance on scientific education, regularly track the scientific literacy of teenagers, provide precise guidance by region, and issue follow-up reports by category. Regularly release the blue book on the development of reserve talents to provide theoretical support for the cultivation of reserve talents for scientific and technological innovation. (Provincial Department of Education, Provincial Department of Science and Technology, Provincial Department of Industry and Information Technology, Provincial Association for Science and Technology)
Iv. Guarantee Mechanism
16. Strengthen system deployment. Enhance political awareness, give full play to the role of the specialized coordination mechanism for the "double reduction" work, establish a science education working mechanism led by education departments at all levels and jointly managed by relevant departments, mobilize social forces, and form a three-level expert team at the provincial, municipal and county levels composed of scientific and technological talents in various fields, science and technology instructors from science and technology museums and science popularization education bases. Refine and improve measures Strengthen planning, guidance and promotion of implementation to ensure that science education yields tangible results. (Provincial Department of Education, Provincial Department of Science and Technology, Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League, Provincial Association for Science and Technology, Provincial Working Committee of the Young Pioneers, Provincial Academy of Sciences
17. Ensure financial support. Coordinate funds and projects from all sides, widely seek social funding, and increase support for science education. All resource units should adhere to a public welfare orientation and provide high-quality educational services to primary and secondary school students for free or at discounted rates. Make good use of the existing lottery public welfare fund projects and earnestly carry out educational assistance and off-campus study Tours for primary and secondary school students. Actively seek support from social organizations such as the Education Development Foundation, and increase support for regions, schools and special institutions with insufficient resources
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The support for the special children group. (Provincial Department of Education, Provincial Department of Finance
18. Strengthen supervision and assessment. Strengthen research and guidance on science education, layer by layer, implement responsibilities, do a good job in monitoring and evaluation, and promptly track the progress of science education tasks in various regions. Carry out dynamic monitoring of the scientific literacy of teenagers at the provincial level. Based on the national monitoring of the quality of science education in primary and secondary schools in our province, conduct analysis and judgment, publish relevant results, and improve and enhance the work. (Provincial Department of Education, Provincial Association for Science and Technology
19. Strengthen publicity and guidance. We will carry out a full-media science popularization campaign, open a special column titled "A Broad Perspective on Science Education in Shaanxi" through both traditional and new media platforms, vigorously promote the scientific spirit and the spirit of scientists, widely publicize the science education work in primary and secondary schools, and intensify the publicity of typical cases of young innovative talents. Every year, an exhibition of innovative achievements in science education for primary and secondary schools, the selection of science and technology innovation awards, and the selection of young academicians are held to stimulate the curiosity, imagination and desire to explore of teenagers, and to inspire primary and secondary school students to set lofty aspirations of serving the country through science and technology. Honor and commend advanced workers and teachers who have made outstanding contributions in the field of science education, and guide the whole society to form a trend of loving and respecting science. (Provincial Department of Education, Provincial Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China, Provincial Cyberspace Administration, Provincial Committee of the Communist Youth League, Provincial Association for Science and Technology, Provincial Working Committee of the Young Pioneers)