Education departments (commissions) of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, publicity departments of the Party Committees, Cyberspace Administration Offices, civilization offices, development and reform commissions, science and technology departments (commissions, bureaus), industrial and information technology authorities, communication administration bureaus, finance departments (bureaus), natural resources authorities, ecological environment departments (bureaus), agriculture and rural affairs departments (bureaus, commissions), Communist Youth League committees, Women's federations, associations for Science and Technology, and Working committees of the Young Pioneers The Education Bureau, Publicity Department of the Party Committee, Cyberspace Administration, Civilization Office, Development and Reform Commission, Science and Technology Bureau, Industry and Information Technology Bureau, Finance Bureau, Natural Resources Bureau, Ecological Environment Bureau, Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau, Communist Youth League Committee, Women's Federation, Association for Science and Technology, and the Working Committee of the Young Pioneers of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, all units affiliated to the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Education departments (bureaus) of relevant departments (units) All universities directly under the Ministry of Education and all universities jointly built by the Ministry and the provincial government:

​ We will fully implement the deployment and requirements of the "Opinions on Further Reducing the Homework Burden and Off-Campus Training Burden of Students in the Compulsory Education Stage" issued by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and The State Council, the "Opinions on Further Strengthening the Popularization of Science and Technology in the New Era", and the "Outline of the National Action Plan for Scientific Literacy (2021-2035)", and focus on adding science education in the "double reduction" policy in education. The following opinions are hereby put forward to promote the high-quality development of education, science and technology, and talent in an integrated manner.

I. General Requirements

1. Guiding ideology

​ Carry out scientific research, mobilize social forces, promote the organic connection between the main battlefield of science education in primary and secondary schools and the large classroom of society, improve students' scientific literacy, cultivate a group of young people with the potential of scientists and willing to devote themselves to the cause of scientific research, and cultivate socialist builders and successors, so as to accelerate the building of an education power, a science and technology power, and a talent power Lay a solid foundation for comprehensively building a modern socialist country.

2. Working Principles

The key lies in practice and stimulating interest. Student-centered, teaching students in accordance with their aptitudes, promoting science education based on inquiry and practice, stimulating the curiosity, imagination and desire to explore of primary and secondary school students, cultivating students' interest in science, guiding students to widely participate in inquiry and practice, achieving the combination of learning and thinking, making education enjoyable, consciously acquiring scientific knowledge, cultivating scientific spirit, improving scientific quality, enhancing confidence and self-reliance in science and technology, and deepening the sense of patriotism and love for the country Strive to plant the seeds of science in children's hearts and guide them to weave the dream of becoming a scientist.

The key lies in integration and the activation of resources. Based on the existing scientific education resources and working mechanisms, we will integrate and enhance efficiency, consolidate both on-campus and off-campus resources, precisely meet students' demands, and rely on the National Smart Education Public Service Platform. We will offer a menu selection method for primary and secondary schools and students across the country to choose independently, shaping new driving forces and advantages for scientific education.

The key lies in integration and internal and external interaction. Emphasize the integration of knowledge learning with practice, strengthen learning by doing, learning by applying and learning by creating, coordinate popularization and improvement, selection and training, attach importance to the organic connection of grades and stages and the horizontal cooperation of related disciplines, encourage universities and research institutes to actively connect and lead science education in primary and secondary schools, and promote the effective linkage of "bringing in" and "going out".

The key lies in inclusiveness and providing assistance and guidance. Strengthen macro-control, tilt science education projects and tangible resources towards the central and western regions, rural areas, old revolutionary base areas, ethnic minority areas, border areas and key counties for national rural revitalization assistance, and provide care, assistance and guidance to weak schools and special children groups.

The key lies in collaboration and system design. We should promote the establishment of a scientific education collaboration mechanism under the unified leadership of local Party committees and governments, with all departments working together, effectively coordinating and closely cooperating. We should also continuously improve the collaborative education mechanism among primary, secondary and tertiary schools as well as among families, schools and communities. Systematically carry out top-level design for science education, comprehensively strengthen work deployment, promotion, monitoring and guidance, achieve full-chain closed-loop management, and enhance the implementation efficiency of science education.

3. Main Objectives

Through three to five years of efforts, all measures to add science education in the "double reduction" policy in education will be fully implemented. The science education system in primary and secondary schools will be more complete, social resources will be organically integrated, practical activities will be rich and colorful, the scale of science education teachers will continue to expand, their quality and ability will be significantly enhanced, and the collaborative education mechanism among primary, secondary and tertiary schools as well as among families, schools and communities will be significantly improved. The quality of science education has significantly improved, and the scientific literacy of primary and secondary school students has notably enhanced. Science education plays a major role in promoting the healthy growth and all-round development of students and advancing the construction of a modern socialist education power.

Second, improve school teaching and services

4. Improve the curriculum and textbook system and perfect the standards for science education. In response to the needs of technological development and industrial transformation, efforts should be made to revise and improve the curriculum standards and textbooks for science and related subjects in primary and secondary schools (such as physics, chemistry, biology, geography, information technology, general technology, etc.), highlighting the cultivation of students' core literacy, strengthening the organic connection between grades and educational stages, and making overall plans for science education and engineering education to reflect practicality and comprehensiveness. Strengthen the guidance on the application of domestic software in science education textbooks. Incorporate teaching and learning materials into the regulatory system to ensure their ideological and scientific nature. Implement the curriculum plan and standards, organize the development of suitable curriculum resources and provide them to schools for free. Integrate the design of school curricula, after-school services and extracurricular practical activities.

5. Deepen the reform of school teaching and enhance the quality of science education. All regions should strengthen teaching management and offer all science-related courses in full, in accordance with the curriculum plan. Constantly optimize teaching plans and study plans, and strengthen targeted scientific education and guidance for students. Implement heuristic and inquiry-based teaching to enhance the level of homework design and cultivate students' deep thinking. Explore project-based and interdisciplinary learning to enhance students' problem-solving abilities. Implement the standards for the allocation of teaching equipment in science and related disciplines, and strengthen the construction of laboratories. Explore the use of artificial intelligence, virtual reality and other technological means to improve and strengthen experimental teaching, and pay attention to using advanced educational technology to make up for the shortage of high-quality educational and teaching resources in weak areas, weak schools and special children groups. Organize the selection of excellent experimental teaching courses. Give full play to the role of teaching and research departments at all levels and teaching guidance committees to identify, cultivate and promote advanced teaching methods and models.

6. Create conditions to enrich the content and expand scientific practice activities. All regions should, in accordance with the curriculum standards, carry out experimental and inquiry-based practical activities, and implement the teaching requirement that interdisciplinary thematic learning should, in principle, account for no less than 10%. Each school should have a school leader or appoint an expert or scholar as the vice principal in charge of science. In principle, at least one science and technology instructor should be appointed and at least one institution (museum, base, park, enterprise, etc.) with certain popular science functions should be paired up. Practical activities should be carried out through two-way interaction of "bringing in" and "going out". In terms of "inviting in", activities such as "Scientists (Spirit) into Campus", Youth Academy of Sciences, Mobile Science and Technology museums, mobile Youth Palaces, science popularization caravans, science and technology festivals, and scientific investigation experiences have been carried out. In terms of "going out", organize primary and secondary school students to visit science education venues to carry out scenario-based and experiential science practice activities.

7. Incorporate after-school service programs to attract students to participate actively. All regions should take science education as the most fundamental and essential project of after-school services, and carry out popular science lectures, scientific experiments, technological creation, maker activities, observation and research, etc., to continuously enhance the appeal of after-school services. Strengthen guidance for student science and technology clubs and interest groups, and encourage and support interested students to carry out scientific exploration and experiments in a long-term, in-depth and systematic manner. Improve the mechanism for third-party institutions to enter schools and make overall use of high-quality social scientific education resources.

8. Strengthen the construction of the teaching staff and give full play to the leading role of teachers. Increase and strengthen a number of teacher education programs for training teachers of science courses in primary and secondary schools, and enhance the ability of experimental teaching. Explore the selection and training of a group of high-level and versatile science teachers for the high school stage. Increase the proportion of teachers in science courses in projects such as the free normal student program and the "Outstanding Teacher Program". Encourage high-level comprehensive universities to participate in teacher training and enhance the supply of high-quality and professional science course teachers from the source. In the demonstration projects of the "National Training Program", a special training program for teachers of science courses in primary and secondary schools has been set up. Upgrade and implement the action plan for enhancing the scientific literacy of primary and secondary school teachers, strengthen their awareness and ability in science education, and explore the implementation of professional level certification work in science education. Implement the job establishment for primary school science teachers, strengthen the allocation of laboratory technicians in primary and secondary schools and science researchers in various levels of teaching and research departments, and gradually promote the realization that each primary school has at least one science teacher with a master's degree in science and engineering. All regions should effectively stimulate the enthusiasm and creativity of teachers in participating in science education, and explore the establishment of a diversified evaluation mechanism for teachers of science courses.

Iii. Make good use of the large social classroom

9. Fully mobilize relevant units to serve scientific practice education. Strengthen interdepartmental collaboration and coordinate the mobilization of universities, research institutes, science and technology museums, youth palaces, children's activity centers, museums, cultural centers, libraries, planning exhibition halls and industrial and agricultural enterprises, etc., to open their venues, bases, camps, parks, production lines and other bases, platforms, carriers and resources to students, providing a material foundation for the extensive implementation of scientific practice education. Encourage all relevant departments and units to establish expert teams for "science Education social classrooms" and develop science education courses and projects suitable for primary and secondary school students. In conjunction with the construction of child-friendly cities, efforts should be made to promote the establishment of educational bases with multiple functions such as science popularization and experience in various regions. Deepen the opening of environmental protection facilities, enrich the forms of environmental science popularization content, and build an ecological civilization education base. By making use of service forms and models such as parent schools, children's homes, youth academies of sciences, and youth science studios, science education is provided to a wide range of families and teenagers.

10. Guide enterprises to assist in building bases and improve the conditions for practical teaching. All regions should actively mobilize all kinds of enterprises, especially those closely related to high-precision and cutting-edge technologies, to build science education facilities for weak areas and schools through forms such as donations, hanging plaques, and naming rights. They should provide equipment, materials, books, software, etc., and train professional interpreters. Guide high-tech industrial and agricultural enterprises to carry out the "Confident and Independent Technology Product Experience" activity, and encourage primary and secondary school students to be diligent in exploration and brave in practice. Guide primary and secondary school students to learn scientific knowledge in the real production and living environment, and to experience the spirit of labor, the spirit of research, the spirit of innovation and the spirit of craftsmanship.

11. Encourage universities and research institutions to proactively connect with primary and secondary schools and lead the development of science education. Encourage and support universities and research institutions to establish incentive mechanisms, guide scientists (science and technology workers) to study and participate in science education in primary and secondary schools, arrange for laboratories and other scientific and technological resources to be appropriately opened to primary and secondary school students, and jointly organize science summer (winter) camps, etc., to provide strong guarantees for scientific practice activities. All regions should build platforms to support the connection between primary and secondary schools and universities as well as research institutes, and make good use of relevant practical resources. Promote joint teaching and research between universities and middle schools to achieve better connection in teaching content, teaching methods, etc. Advocate the joint construction of innovation laboratories, science popularization stations and talent cultivation classes, explore the dual-mentor system of universities and middle schools, and carry out individualized teaching.

12. Promote all-media communication and create an atmosphere for scientific education. We should vigorously promote the spirit of science and the spirit of scientists, encourage major central media to set up special columns on science education on their new media platforms, intensify publicity and guidance on science education, and inspire primary and secondary school students to set lofty aspirations for serving the country through science and technology. Incorporate science education into the key tasks of the "double reduction" publicity work matrix, encourage major media at the central and local levels to cooperate with science education institutions and science and technology-related social organizations at all levels and of all types, strengthen the creation of original popular science works, actively promote the innovation of science education dissemination, and create a strong atmosphere of attaching importance to and supporting science education.

13. Optimize the digital intelligent platform and enrich scientific education resources. Link scientific education resources on the National Smart Education Public Service Platform and other platforms, encourage all sectors of society to produce and launch "Science Open Classes", "Family Science Education Guidance Classes", etc., and continuously enrich the platform resources. Establish resource libraries for scientists (science and technology workers), science classes, and science education venues, strengthen the mechanisms for resource collection, connection, and dispatch, and efficiently and orderly arrange for localities and schools to select and use them.

Fourth, ensure smooth transitions between relevant reforms

14. Standardize off-campus training in science and technology to form a beneficial supplement to school education. All regions should rationally plan the overall scale, setting standards and approval procedures of non-academic off-campus training institutions in the field of science and technology, guide these institutions to operate legally and develop in a standardized manner, and effectively meet the individualized needs of students. All non-academic off-campus training institutions in the field of science and technology will be incorporated into the national comprehensive platform for the supervision and service of off-campus education and training, and be subject to full-process supervision. Compliant non-academic training courses in science and technology can be appropriately introduced through government procurement of services and other means as per actual needs.

15. Strictly manage competition activities and cultivate students' spirit of "devoting themselves to science". All regions should enhance positive publicity and guidance, guide primary and secondary schools to rationally choose to participate in the "white list" competition, build a growth platform for primary and secondary school students, identify students with potential, and encourage them to actively engage in scientific research. Guide the organizing parties of each competition to integrate patriotic education into the competition activities and cultivate the sense of patriotism and love for the country among the participating students. Highlight collectivist education to lay a solid ideological foundation for the participating students to engage in organized scientific research in the future.

16. Coordinate top-notch innovative talent projects and explore a long-term mechanism for selection and cultivation. All regions and relevant universities should actively explore effective models for the selection and cultivation of top-notch innovative talents, establish a coordinated mechanism, clarify the respective focuses of projects such as the "High School Students' Talent Program", "Strong Foundation Program", "Outstanding Students in Basic Disciplines Training Program", and "University Science Camp" in terms of selection, cultivation, and utilization, refine support measures, promote orderly implementation, and enhance the efficiency of training. Encourage all types of schools to strengthen follow-up research and summary, and achieve practical results in the discovery methods and cultivation paths of students with potential. Pilot the construction of science and technology high schools to enhance the connection between university and high school education in talent cultivation.

17. Promote the reform of the content of the college entrance examination and the high school entrance examination, and improve the proposition of the academic proficiency test. All regions should improve the form of test questions, adhere to the principle of quality orientation, enhance the fundamentality, applicability, comprehensiveness and innovation of test questions, reduce mechanical practice of questions, guide the improvement of classroom teaching quality and efficiency, and cultivate students' scientific spirit. Strengthen experimental assessment to enhance students' practical operation and experimental abilities. Establish a high-level question-setting (reviewing) team composed of subject question-setting (reviewing) personnel, subject secretaries, educational measurement experts, question-setting organization and management personnel, etc., and optimize the team structure. Strengthen the education on career development planning for middle school students, guiding them to clearly define their interests, specialties and career goals.

18. Emphasize systematic design and arrangement to facilitate the organic connection of different stages. All regions should, in accordance with the focus of each educational stage, promote the organic development and extension of science education in primary and secondary schools to all levels and types of education. Emphasize the connection and integration of science-related courses in regular senior high schools and vocational education stages. Encourage the offering of the elective course "History of Science and Technology" at the undergraduate level. Strengthen the cultivation of scientific and technological innovation capabilities at the postgraduate stage and guide students to master scientific research methods and innovative thinking.

19. Implement family science education and promote collaborative education among families, schools and communities. All regions should highlight the value guidance of science popularization, pool the strength of science popularization experts, launch family science popularization open classes, carry out various forms of family science popularization activities, build "doorstep" science education bases, promote science education to enter every household, and enhance parents' awareness of science popularization and students' scientific literacy.

20. Strengthen the construction of disciplines and specialties and carry out scientific education research. Strengthen the construction of science education disciplines and specialties, and build a high-quality talent team. Strengthen the support of national science and technology plans for research in fields related to science education. Promote the construction of interdisciplinary research platforms for science education. Encourage universities, educational research institutes and research institutions to establish science education research centers to carry out theoretical research and practice. Strengthen international exchanges among teachers, keep abreast of the latest developments in international science education, and absorb outstanding research achievements.

V. Strengthen organizational leadership

21. Comprehensive and systematic deployment. We must truly enhance our political stance